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Pregnancy & children
Antenatal Screening
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Making decisions about screening :
Thinking about screening and what it is for
Special reasons for wanting screening
Reasons for not having some or all screening
Discussing screening choices with your partner
Attitudes to disability and termination
Information for making decisions
Experiences of screening :
Nuchal translucency scan (low risk results)
Nuchal scan (being told something may be wrong)
Early dating scans
Blood test screening
18-20 week scan (low risk results)
18-20 week scan (being told something may be wrong)
Understanding screening test results
Having further tests and getting results :
Deciding whether to have further diagnostic tests
Having further tests and waiting for results
Getting diagnostic test results
Thoughts, discussions and info after diagnosis
Deciding to continue with the pregnancy :
Making the decision to continue with the pregnancy
What the rest of pregnancy and birth was like
Feelings about screening looking back
Deciding to end the pregnancy :
Making the decision to end the pregnancy
The experience of ending a pregnancy
Feelings and reflections afterwards
Views on screening & feelings in later pregnancies
When screening does not detect a condition :
Learning after birth that the baby has a condition
How it has affected parents' views about screening
Living with disabilities or a chronic condition :
Living with a child with a long term condition
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Antenatal Screening
Subject index
Topic
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Antenatal Screening
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Nuchal translucency scan (low risk results)
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Nuchal translucency scan (low risk results)
Nuchal translucency scan (low risk results)
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Nuchal translucency scan (low risk results)
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Nuchal translucency scan (low risk results)
Nuchal translucency scan (low risk results)
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Antenatal Screening
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Nuchal scan (being told something may be wrong)
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Nuchal scan (being told something may be wrong)
Nuchal translucency scan (being told something may be wrong)
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Nuchal scan (being told something may be wrong)
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Nuchal scan (being told something may be wrong)
Nuchal translucency scan (being told something may be wrong)
Clip
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN24
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She decided not to tell her mother she was pregnant at first because it would make her anxious too.
Family history of Down's syndrome. Had amniocentesis in both pregnancies to rule out Down's syndrome, even though nuchal scan results were low risk.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN24
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She decided not to have a CVS (Chorionic Villus Sampling) when her nuchal scan results came back low risk, but was still considering amniocentesis.
Family history of Down's syndrome. Had amniocentesis in both pregnancies to rule out Down's syndrome, even though nuchal scan results were low risk.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN24
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Parents need to know early enough about nuchal scans to be able to book privately if necessary.
Family history of Down's syndrome. Had amniocentesis in both pregnancies to rule out Down's syndrome, even though nuchal scan results were low risk.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN24
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Seeing her baby during the nuchal scan was a wonderful experience which made pregnancy seem real.
Family history of Down's syndrome. Had amniocentesis in both pregnancies to rule out Down's syndrome, even though nuchal scan results were low risk.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN13
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The fear of losing another baby after two miscarriages affected their discussion of their nuchal scan results.
Healthy pregnancy after 2 miscarriages; following nuchal scan results they considered amniocentesis and decided against. Baby born healthy, although mother had obstetric cholestasis in late pregnancy.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN13
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After being reassured at first, they found the meaning of risk statistics from the nuchal scan in their most recent pregnancy hard to interpret.
Healthy pregnancy after 2 miscarriages; following nuchal scan results they considered amniocentesis and decided against. Baby born healthy, although mother had obstetric cholestasis in late pregnancy.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN13
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Ringing the Antenatal Results and Choices support group helped her think through her nuchal scan results and decide not to have further tests.
Healthy pregnancy after 2 miscarriages; following nuchal scan results they considered amniocentesis and decided against. Baby born healthy, although mother had obstetric cholestasis in late pregnancy.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN13
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The written information was better in her current pregnancy than her first and the midwife discussed it carefully with her.
Healthy pregnancy after 2 miscarriages; following nuchal scan results they considered amniocentesis and decided against. Baby born healthy, although mother had obstetric cholestasis in late pregnancy.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Ending an affected pregnancy
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Interview AN17
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She thought her baby's hydrocephalus may have been suspected at the nuchal scan in her first pregnancy but she was not told.
Hydrocephalus detected by 20-week scan and amniocentesis in first pregnancy. Felt the decision to end the pregnancy was rushed. Miscarriage and two healthy pregnancies since.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN23
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She and her partner agreed quickly what they'd do with screening results, but it was difficult to start the discussion.
After initial contact with NHS, decided to have antenatal care in France, including 3 scans with normal results. Baby born 2 months early in England.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Continuing with an affected pregnancy
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Interview AN30
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When they went for the nuchal scan, the sonographer asked why they would want to know about abnormalities if they would not consider a termination.
Down's syndrome suspected at nuchal scan. Couple declined amniocentesis and continued with the pregnancy. Further scans suggested heart problems (operated on successfully since baby's birth).
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Continuing with an affected pregnancy
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Interview AN30
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They were asked to have a second scan but did not feel anxious about this at the time.
Down's syndrome suspected at nuchal scan. Couple declined amniocentesis and continued with the pregnancy. Further scans suggested heart problems (operated on successfully since baby's birth).
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Ending an affected pregnancy
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Interview AN31
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She would have liked her husband to be allowed in with her throughout the nuchal scan in her first pregnancy. They gradually realised something was wr
Problems detected in first pregnancy at nuchal scan - confirmed as Down's syndrome by CVS. Couple decided to end the pregnancy. Subsequent normal pregnancy and birth.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Ending an affected pregnancy
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Interview AN31
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In her next pregnancy, she thought she would want CVS (Chorionic Villus Sampling), but decided against it because her nuchal scan results were low ris
Problems detected in first pregnancy at nuchal scan - confirmed as Down's syndrome by CVS. Couple decided to end the pregnancy. Subsequent normal pregnancy and birth.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Ending an affected pregnancy
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Interview AN35
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She had the combined blood test and nuchal scan in her first pregnancy. It was the blood test results that alerted them to their baby's condition (Tur
Combined nuchal scan/blood test suggested high risk; early results ruled out trisomies but subsequently diagnosed a severe form of Turner's syndrome. Couple decided to end the pregnancy; now pregnant again.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Ending an affected pregnancy
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Interview AN36
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The nuchal scan reassured them, but with hindsight they felt they did not really understand the nature of screening and risk information.
Nuchal scan in first pregnancy gave low risk result, but anomaly scan at 21 weeks detected abnormalities, confirmed as Edwards' syndrome by amniocentesis. Couple decided to end the pregnancy.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN01
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Her nuchal scan results were lower risk, but she still did not feel completely reassured.
Normal first pregnancy, routine screening experiences. Had to spend time in hospital late in pregnancy for investigation of bleeding.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Ending an affected pregnancy
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Interview AN02
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When she first heard her nuchal scan results, she did not interpret 1 in 20 as very high risk.
1997 - nuchal scan and CVS confirmed Down's syndrome - decided to end the pregnancy. Has since had a healthy baby and is now pregnant again. Had CVS again.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Ending an affected pregnancy
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Interview AN02
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She grew anxious when the sonographer became silent during the nuchal scan, and was upset that the sonographer could not discuss the results.
1997 - nuchal scan and CVS confirmed Down's syndrome - decided to end the pregnancy. Has since had a healthy baby and is now pregnant again. Had CVS again.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN08
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The results of her nuchal scan indicated a very low risk, which was reassuring.
Normal first pregnancy, routine screening experiences. Private care throughout pregnancy.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Ending an affected pregnancy
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Interview AN02
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It was unpleasant waiting for hours for a repeat nuchal scan and being aware other people waiting were anxious too.
1997 - nuchal scan and CVS confirmed Down's syndrome - decided to end the pregnancy. Has since had a healthy baby and is now pregnant again. Had CVS again.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Baby's condition detected after birth
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Interview AN12
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She paid for a nuchal scan after a previous miscarriage. The result was reassuring.
Second child born with Down's syndrome after low risk nuchal scan results, and no problems detected at 20-week scan. Home birth. Daughter now aged two.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Baby's condition detected after birth
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Interview AN12
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Because her nuchal scan results reassured her she was low risk, she never expected her baby would have Down's syndrome.
Second child born with Down's syndrome after low risk nuchal scan results, and no problems detected at 20-week scan. Home birth. Daughter now aged two.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN08
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She felt screening helped provide stages for getting through pregnancy.
Normal first pregnancy, routine screening experiences. Private care throughout pregnancy.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN08
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She and her husband enjoyed the scan, and it made the pregnancy seem real, for him especially.
Normal first pregnancy, routine screening experiences. Private care throughout pregnancy.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN05
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Nuchal scans were not available on the NHS locally and she did not feel the need to have one privately.
4 months pregnant. Normal screening results. One scan in early pregnancy, no other scans planned. Alphafetoprotein results not yet received.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Continuing with an affected pregnancy
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Interview AN06
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He felt the local hospital needed to be better prepared to discuss the results of the nuchal scan with them.
Third pregnancy, after two miscarriages. Nuchal scan suggested problems; CVS ruled out Down's syndrome but heart problems identified by further scan. Baby born March 2003, successful surgery completed.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN14
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In two repeat nuchal scans, she felt the consultant was much more communicative than the first person who scanned her.
Seven and a half months pregnant with twins conceived by IVF. Has had scans throughout pregnancy; nuchal translucency scan had to be repeated because of the babies' position.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN14
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She had good information about the scan results but sometimes having more information raises more questions for staff to explain.
Seven and a half months pregnant with twins conceived by IVF. Has had scans throughout pregnancy; nuchal translucency scan had to be repeated because of the babies' position.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN21
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The sonographer was quiet during her nuchal scan. She would rather wait till after the scan to receive bad news.
Normal first pregnancy; some early scanning after bleeding in first trimester. Screening includes nuchal translucency scan and blood testing.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN21
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She had the combined nuchal scan and blood test privately, but found out only just in time that it was available.
Normal first pregnancy; some early scanning after bleeding in first trimester. Screening includes nuchal translucency scan and blood testing.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN21
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Having talked to her GP, she felt there was little point in having screening if you would not consider termination.
Normal first pregnancy; some early scanning after bleeding in first trimester. Screening includes nuchal translucency scan and blood testing.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN26
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Seeing her baby during the nuchal scan was wonderful but it was alarming that staff talked to each other, not to her.
Routine screening experiences, including nuchal scan.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN19
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They were impressed by the professionalism of staff carrying out their nuchal scan and felt well informed and reassured.
Normal first pregnancy, routine screening experiences, including combined nuchal scan and blood test.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN19
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She was well informed about the availability of the combined nuchal scan and blood test, but her blood sample was damaged in the post.
Normal first pregnancy, routine screening experiences, including combined nuchal scan and blood test.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN26
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In her second pregnancy, she was anxious that the sonographer doing the nuchal scan seemed rushed. She needed more reassurance.
Routine screening experiences, including nuchal scan.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN26
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She looked for information on the internet but found it too technical. You need to know what questions to ask.
Routine screening experiences, including nuchal scan.
Pregnancy & children
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Antenatal Screening
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Normal results or declining screening
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Interview AN28
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She was impressed with the genetic counselling and testing she was offered, and found it reassuring.
Healthy pregnancy after an early miscarriage. Interviewee has a brother with severe learning disabilities and describes having genetic screening and counselling in early pregnancy.
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