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Pregnancy & children
Immunisation
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Making decisions about immunisation :
What is immunisation?
Why do we immunise?
Making the decision
Information for making decisions :
What type of information do parents want?
Information from the media
Information from health professionals
Information from friends, family & other parents
Other information sources
Messages to health professionals
Messages to other parents
Considering risk? :
Weighing up the risk
Parents' concerns about MMR
Parents' views of the diseases
Parents' attitudes to childhood immunisation
Experiences of immunisation :
Deciding whether to give my child DTaP/IPV/Hib, Men C and pneumococcal vaccinesDTaP/IPV/Hib, BCG vaccine
Deciding to give my child MMR
Deciding not to give my child MMR
Reactions to DTaP/ IPV/ Hib, BCG vaccines
Reactions to the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine
No reactions to MMR
Mild or intermediate reactions to MMR
Severe or disputed reactions to MMR
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Immunisation
Subject index
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Pregnancy & children
>>
Immunisation
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Youngest child's age under 1
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Interview 05
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Find out what parents' concerns are and address them.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Information and advice from her brother, who works for a medical journal, experience of other children in the family being immunised with no ill effects, belief that some media reports were sensationalised and talking to the practice nurse helped her to make a decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 02
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She believes the 5 in 1 vaccine is safe.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib they followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Read research papers in medical journals and talked to family members. Media reports and Department of Health literature had little influence on their decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 32
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She checked with her health visitor but felt confident there was no need to be concerned about MMR.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Didn't feel the need to search widely for information but talked to her health visitor and read information in the media before making her decisions.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 3-4 years
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Interview 28
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Believed the evidence wasn't strong enough to prove a causal link between MMR and autism.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Talked to friends, her father who is a doctor, family friends who were doctors, and alternative practitioners. Gathered some information from the media. Talked to their GP about her daughter's egg allergy.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 26
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Would have preferred the doctor not to have dismissed out of hand his concern that his daughter might have had a serious reaction to MMR.
For all immunisations: Followed recommendations of health professionals. Believed media only presented one side of the argument.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 31
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They were concerned that their child might be disabled in some way from MMR, which they didn't feel able to cope with because she is in a wheelchair.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Talked to her GP and to her hospital consultant. Read information in newspapers and on the Internet. Talked to friends and investigated single vaccines. A friend in the USA helped her to make a final decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 33
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She had concerns about autism but after reading an independent research review she decided that MMR was the right decision for her son.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: She read an independent literature review published in a Drugs and Therapeutics Bulletin on studies examining the link between autism and MMR, which helped her to make a decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 16
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She was reassured when her health visitor told her that the symptoms of autism tend to appear around the same age that MMR is given.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Found it useful to talk to their health visitor, other parents who had already had their child immunised and to their extended family. Read information in parenting magazines, a parenting web site and newspaper articles.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 5 years plus
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Interview 11
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She was anxious that her daughter's bowel problems and weak immune system may get worse with MMR but this did not happen.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Gathered information from the media and talked to other mums at playgroup and to their health visitor. Advice from their GP helped them to make a decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 29
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She felt too frightened to give her other children MMR because of the reaction her oldest son had.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Reactions that their first son had to MMR influenced their decisions for their other children.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 29
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She decided not to continue with the immunisation programme after her daughter had a reaction to the first set.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Reactions that their first son had to MMR influenced their decisions for their other children.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 3-4 years
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Interview 13
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She was concerned that swelling which had occurred in her daughter's arm after MMR, might happen with her son.
For all immunisations: Followed recommendations of health professionals. After her daughter had a reaction to the MMR vaccine, she talked to her health visitor to make a decision about her youngest son's immunisations.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 40
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It is easier to make the decision now than two years ago, now more evidence is available.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Information in the media influenced her decision. For MMR: Talking with friends who had children was helpful. Gathered information from the newspapers and the Internet.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 3-4 years
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Interview 34
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Her decision was influenced by her parents' views and her Orthodox Jewish GP.
For all immunisations: Trusted and followed the advice of her Orthodox Jewish GP. Took in to account her parent's views and the fact she had immunisations as a child. Information from family and friends in the local community also influenced her decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 3-4 years
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Interview 09
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She had taught children with autism and believed that the MMR vaccine had nothing to do with autism.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Took advice from their GP. Talked to friends and her grandmother who could remember childhood illnesses before immunisation. She regarded media reports as largely biased and scaremongering.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 37
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Acknowledge and explain all the risks involved with immunisations, rather than dismiss parent's concerns.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of the health professionals. For MMR: Gathered information from the media, and talked to friends who were doctors. His own experience of working with children with learning difficulties informed their decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 01
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She was anxious that her daughter might be upset having the injection but felt it was important for it to be done.
For DTP/IPV/Hib: Followed the recommendations of health professionals. Reading newspapers and magazine articles, talking to their GP, a private doctor and to friends helped her to make her decision about MMR.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 24
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She was concerned that her premature baby's immune system may not be developed enough, so she waited a bit longer before she gave him MMR.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Took advice from her son's Paediatrician. Information from a television documentary had an influence. Discussion with other mums of premature babies helped her to make a decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 38
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Learning that MMR had been used in other countries for many years eased her concerns about there being a link between autism and MMR.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed the recommendations of the health professionals. MMR decisions: Talked to their health visitor and a paediatrician and searched for information using the Internet, talked to friends in the USA, read articles in the media but it was talking to a health professional at Great Ormond Street that helped her to make her decision for both her children.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 3-4 years
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Interview 08
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Her concerns about what reaction her son might have from MMR was stopping her from taking him to have the vaccine.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Read information recommended by relatives which was both pro and anti immunisation, read NHS information leaflets, talked to her GP and to friends.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 24
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Learning that MMR had been used in other countries for many years eased her concerns about the long-term side effects.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Took advice from her son's Paediatrician. Information from a television documentary had an influence. Discussion with other mums of premature babies helped her to make a decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age under 1
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Interview 23
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She believed that the immunisation schedule didn't take in to account children's individual needs.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Spoke to friends in the UK and Germany who were medically qualified. Experience of immunisation for her oldest daughter in Germany by anthroposophical doctors influenced her decision. She felt there was little opportunity to discuss immunisations with her own GP and health visitor.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 16
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Possible reactions to the vaccine worried her but her son had been fine after all three sets of immunisations.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Found it useful to talk to their health visitor, other parents who had already had their child immunised and to their extended family. Read information in parenting magazines, a parenting web site and newspaper articles.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age under 1
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Interview 10
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Her concerns that live vaccines were given with MMR, influenced her decision not to give her children any immunisations.
For DTP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals for her first child. For further immunisations: Read leaflets given to her by her homeopath, read books and talked to her health visitor and GP. Gathered some information from the media but was aware that it may be biased to a specific perspective.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age under 1
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Interview 14
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Did not see any reason not to immunise her baby with the first set of immunisations.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Found it most useful to talk to friends who had already made decisions about their children's immunisations. Took on board recommendations of health professionals.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 27
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Concern that her son's egg allergy might cause a reaction, led him to have the MMR vaccine in hospital.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Talked to health visitor but found it more useful to talk to other parents, including one who had a relative who was a doctor. Read newspaper articles and listened to media reports.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age under 1
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Interview 05
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The consequences of the disease are far worse than the immunisations.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Information and advice from her brother, who works for a medical journal, experience of other children in the family being immunised with no ill effects, belief that some media reports were sensationalised and talking to the practice nurse helped her to make a decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 20
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They believed MMR triggered autism in their older son and were concerned about the safety of the vaccine.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals for two eldest boys. For MMR: They followed recommendations of health professionals for two eldest boys. Reactions that their second son had to MMR, an extensive review of research papers in medical journals, and using the Internet to read about both pro and anti immunisation arguments helped them to make their decisions for their youngest son.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age under 1
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Interview 17
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Talking to a paediatric immunologist helped her to decide to allow her daughter to continue with the immunisation schedule, which she believed was the
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: After her daughter had a reaction to the second set of immunisations she took advice from her GP, a hospital consultant and a doctor friend. In addition she got a second opinion from a paediatric immuniologist, which helped her to make a decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age under 1
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Interview 17
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Short term worry that her daughter might have another reaction from the DTaP/IPV/Hib vaccines was worth it for the peace of mind that the immunisation
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: After her daughter had a reaction to the second set of immunisations she took advice from her GP, a hospital consultant and a doctor friend. In addition she got a second opinion from a paediatric immuniologist, which helped her to make a decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 3-4 years
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Interview 19
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She personally believes that injecting several vaccines in to a young baby cannot be beneficial.
For all immunisations: She read information given to her by the midwife at her birth group, in addition to her own knowledge gained through her work. She considered the motives behind the pro and anti-immunisation arguments when making her decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 37
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The scientific basis of the research study was dubious and had conflicts of interest.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of the health professionals. For MMR: Gathered information from the media, and talked to friends who were doctors. His own experience of working with children with learning difficulties informed their decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 20
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They had a personal belief that MMR triggered autism in their older son and they decided not to give any immunisations to their youngest son.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals for two eldest boys. For MMR: They followed recommendations of health professionals for two eldest boys. Reactions that their second son had to MMR, an extensive review of research papers in medical journals, and using the Internet to read about both pro and anti immunisation arguments helped them to make their decisions for their youngest son.
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