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Immunisation
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Making decisions about immunisation :
What is immunisation?
Why do we immunise?
Making the decision
Information for making decisions :
What type of information do parents want?
Information from the media
Information from health professionals
Information from friends, family & other parents
Other information sources
Messages to health professionals
Messages to other parents
Considering risk? :
Weighing up the risk
Parents' concerns about MMR
Parents' views of the diseases
Parents' attitudes to childhood immunisation
Experiences of immunisation :
Deciding whether to give my child DTaP/IPV/Hib, Men C and pneumococcal vaccinesDTaP/IPV/Hib, BCG vaccine
Deciding to give my child MMR
Deciding not to give my child MMR
Reactions to DTaP/ IPV/ Hib, BCG vaccines
Reactions to the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine
No reactions to MMR
Mild or intermediate reactions to MMR
Severe or disputed reactions to MMR
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Immunisation
Subject index
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Pregnancy & children
>>
Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 22
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Talking about their concerns to a health professional can sometimes help parents to make their mind up about immunisations.
For all immunisations: Her medical training helped her to make immunisation decisions for her son.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 07
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She had found it useful to listen to a Radio Four programme that had presented both sides of the argument.
For all immunisations: Her experience of working in Africa where she saw the illnesses that the vaccines prevent, influenced her decision. For MMR, she also listened to a radio programme, which discussed both sides of the argument.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 02
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She didn't trust media reports of research studies because she knew that the media could put a particular slant on the research done.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib they followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Read research papers in medical journals and talked to family members. Media reports and Department of Health literature had little influence on their decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 32
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She knew from her own work how the media wrongly portrayed health care issues so she didn't believe the media reports on MMR.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Didn't feel the need to search widely for information but talked to her health visitor and read information in the media before making her decisions.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 35
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Suggests there are better places than the media for getting information about MMR and other immunisations.
For all immunisations: Her medical training and her experience of growing up in a third world country helped her to make decisions about her daughter's immunisations.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age under 1
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Interview 17
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A doctor friend gave her advice after her daughter had a reaction to the first immunisations.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: After her daughter had a reaction to the second set of immunisations she took advice from her GP, a hospital consultant and a doctor friend. In addition she got a second opinion from a paediatric immuniologist, which helped her to make a decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 12
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Felt the media reporting always had a certain spin or gloss and didn't recognise the concerns of parents who chose not to vaccinate.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals for their son. For MMR and immunisations for their daughter: Conducted an extensive review of the literature and scientific studies using the Internet and talked to their GP and health visitor.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 35
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Believes that when you want expert advice you should talk to the professionals who have spent years training and are qualified to give you guidance.
For all immunisations: Her medical training and her experience of growing up in a third world country helped her to make decisions about her daughter's immunisations.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 38
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Information given to her from a health professional was very important in helping her to decide to give her daughter MMR.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed the recommendations of the health professionals. MMR decisions: Talked to their health visitor and a paediatrician and searched for information using the Internet, talked to friends in the USA, read articles in the media but it was talking to a health professional at Great Ormond Street that helped her to make her decision for both her children.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 24
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The advice and information she got from a paediatrician helped her to decide to give her premature baby the MMR immunisation.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Took advice from her son's Paediatrician. Information from a television documentary had an influence. Discussion with other mums of premature babies helped her to make a decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 04
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If she had been able to talk to the doctor who had been her GP for most of her life, she would have trusted his advice on immunisations implicitly.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR she talked to the health visitor and GP, listened to media reports and trusted the decision that her boss had made about immunisation.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 12
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When they weren't getting the information they needed from the health professionals about immunisations for their lactose intolerant son, they decided
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals for their son. For MMR and immunisations for their daughter: Conducted an extensive review of the literature and scientific studies using the Internet and talked to their GP and health visitor.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 21
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She had difficulty getting information from her GP because her GP didn't have access to information about single vaccines.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Sought out information that was balanced and not biased towards only pro or anti immunisation arguments. Read books written by anthroposophical medical doctors, which influenced her decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age under 1
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Interview 10
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When the health professionals she talked to weren't willing to discuss her concerns it made her suspect suspicious of the information being given.
For DTP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals for her first child. For further immunisations: Read leaflets given to her by her homeopath, read books and talked to her health visitor and GP. Gathered some information from the media but was aware that it may be biased to a specific perspective.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age under 1
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Interview 14
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Thought the information her GP gave her about the new 5 in 1 vaccine was biased.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Found it most useful to talk to friends who had already made decisions about their children's immunisations. Took on board recommendations of health professionals.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 20
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Believed GPs cannot give unbiased information about immunisations because they need to follow the Department of Health guidelines.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals for two eldest boys. For MMR: They followed recommendations of health professionals for two eldest boys. Reactions that their second son had to MMR, an extensive review of research papers in medical journals, and using the Internet to read about both pro and anti immunisation arguments helped them to make their decisions for their youngest son.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age under 1
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Interview 05
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She trusted her brother's advice because of the information he gathered through his job.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Information and advice from her brother, who works for a medical journal, experience of other children in the family being immunised with no ill effects, belief that some media reports were sensationalised and talking to the practice nurse helped her to make a decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age under 1
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Interview 03
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MMR was talked about amongst her friends but often led to a heated debate so she didn't get involved in discussions.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed the recommendations of health professionals. She used the Internet to gather information on MMR, particularly from a parenting web site and talked to her Mum, which helped her to make a decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 35
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Some Internet websites may not give the right amount of information and all the information available about the likelihood of side effects occurring f
For all immunisations: Her medical training and her experience of growing up in a third world country helped her to make decisions about her daughter's immunisations.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 12
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Using the Internet to review research papers of scientific studies led them to decide that immunisation was not the right decision for their lactose i
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals for their son. For MMR and immunisations for their daughter: Conducted an extensive review of the literature and scientific studies using the Internet and talked to their GP and health visitor.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 3-4 years
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Interview 18
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Reading books and talking to other parents and health professionals is more helpful because the amount of information on the Internet can be overwhelm
For all immunisations: They used the Internet to search for research papers in medical journals, read books, talked to other parents about their decisions which were both pro and anti immunisation and talked to the midwife at their birth group and to their GP.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 25
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She used the Internet to research single measles, mumps and rubella vaccines but it left her with more difficult choices.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Talked to friends who were doctors. Used the Internet to search for information. Were influenced by the prime minister's response to questioning about immunisation decisions for his son.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 02
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Reading the research papers in medical journals gave her the evidence she needed to have her children immunised.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib they followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Read research papers in medical journals and talked to family members. Media reports and Department of Health literature had little influence on their decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 33
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An independent review of the literature in a drugs and therapeutic bulletin helped her to decide to give her son MMR.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: She read an independent literature review published in a Drugs and Therapeutics Bulletin on studies examining the link between autism and MMR, which helped her to make a decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 15
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Trusts the government to make responsible decisions and warns of the risks of being misled when you try to do your own research.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Experiences of friends who had had their child immunised were useful. Gathered information from newspaper articles, Department of Health leaflets and the media. Spoke to her parents and friends.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age under 1
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Interview 06
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Believed the Government would not back an immunisation programme that was unsafe.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. Talking to other parents whose child had MMR and using the Internet to gather information on both sides of the argument helped her to make a decision about her daughter's MMR immunisation.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 12
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Thought that the government information did not acknowledge the possible side effects of vaccines.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals for their son. For MMR and immunisations for their daughter: Conducted an extensive review of the literature and scientific studies using the Internet and talked to their GP and health visitor.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 31
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She didn't take any notice of government literature on immunisation because she felt it was biased.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Talked to her GP and to her hospital consultant. Read information in newspapers and on the Internet. Talked to friends and investigated single vaccines. A friend in the USA helped her to make a final decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 21
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She found it useful to read a book written by an anthroposophical doctor willing to discuss both sides of the controversy.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Sought out information that was balanced and not biased towards only pro or anti immunisation arguments. Read books written by anthroposophical medical doctors, which influenced her decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 3-4 years
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Interview 09
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You need to make sure you are informed, listen to professionals and read up.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Took advice from their GP. Talked to friends and her grandmother who could remember childhood illnesses before immunisation. She regarded media reports as largely biased and scaremongering.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age under 1
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Interview 10
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Get as much information as you can, don't feel pressurised by anyone else and feel happy with your decision.
For DTP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals for her first child. For further immunisations: Read leaflets given to her by her homeopath, read books and talked to her health visitor and GP. Gathered some information from the media but was aware that it may be biased to a specific perspective.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 12
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Be aware that different information sources have different agendas.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals for their son. For MMR and immunisations for their daughter: Conducted an extensive review of the literature and scientific studies using the Internet and talked to their GP and health visitor.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age under 1
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Interview 06
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She was amazed that to find that so much fuss had been made over just one research study.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. Talking to other parents whose child had MMR and using the Internet to gather information on both sides of the argument helped her to make a decision about her daughter's MMR immunisation.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age under 1
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Interview 05
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She thought a lot of what she read in the newspapers was sensationalised.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Information and advice from her brother, who works for a medical journal, experience of other children in the family being immunised with no ill effects, belief that some media reports were sensationalised and talking to the practice nurse helped her to make a decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 5 years plus
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Interview 11
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After much anxiety, the information their GP told them helped them to make up their minds about MMR.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Gathered information from the media and talked to other mums at playgroup and to their health visitor. Advice from their GP helped them to make a decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 3-4 years
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Interview 34
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In Orthodox Jewish families, parents often follow what decision their own mothers made about immunisation.
For all immunisations: Trusted and followed the advice of her Orthodox Jewish GP. Took in to account her parent's views and the fact she had immunisations as a child. Information from family and friends in the local community also influenced her decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 26
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He thought a recent documentary was one-sided.
For all immunisations: Followed recommendations of health professionals. Believed media only presented one side of the argument.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 32
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Explains why she trusted the information given by the health visitor and practice nurse.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Didn't feel the need to search widely for information but talked to her health visitor and read information in the media before making her decisions.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 41
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Media reports of health studies often misinterpret the level of risk.
For all immunisations: Her experience of working in Public Health informed her decisions about immunisations. She believed much of the information from the media to be inaccurate and biased.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 3-4 years
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Interview 09
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Her grandmother told her what life was like before immunisations were available.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Took advice from their GP. Talked to friends and her grandmother who could remember childhood illnesses before immunisation. She regarded media reports as largely biased and scaremongering.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 3-4 years
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Interview 28
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She talked to family friends who were doctors about their decisions for their own children or grandchildren.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Talked to friends, her father who is a doctor, family friends who were doctors, and alternative practitioners. Gathered some information from the media. Talked to their GP about her daughter's egg allergy.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 3-4 years
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Interview 08
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A friend's decisions for her own children had an influence on her decision.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Read information recommended by relatives which was both pro and anti immunisation, read NHS information leaflets, talked to her GP and to friends.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 15
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Media reports have created fear amongst parents and some of the reports weren't accurate enough.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Experiences of friends who had had their child immunised were useful. Gathered information from newspaper articles, Department of Health leaflets and the media. Spoke to her parents and friends.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age under 1
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Interview 14
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She will read the original research articles rather than just the media reporting of it.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Found it most useful to talk to friends who had already made decisions about their children's immunisations. Took on board recommendations of health professionals.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
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Interview 01
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She talked to three or four different doctors before deciding to give her daughter MMR.
For DTP/IPV/Hib: Followed the recommendations of health professionals. Reading newspapers and magazine articles, talking to their GP, a private doctor and to friends helped her to make her decision about MMR.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 3-4 years
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Interview 19
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Information given to her by a midwife at a birth group influenced her decisions for her children's immunisations.
For all immunisations: She read information given to her by the midwife at her birth group, in addition to her own knowledge gained through her work. She considered the motives behind the pro and anti-immunisation arguments when making her decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
>>
Interview 24
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Talking to other mums who also had premature babies helped her with her decision.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Took advice from her son's Paediatrician. Information from a television documentary had an influence. Discussion with other mums of premature babies helped her to make a decision.
Pregnancy & children
>>
Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
>>
Interview 21
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She felt that a documentary showing a mother whose child had died of measles was scaremongering.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Sought out information that was balanced and not biased towards only pro or anti immunisation arguments. Read books written by anthroposophical medical doctors, which influenced her decision.
Pregnancy & children
>>
Immunisation
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Youngest child's age under 1
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Interview 17
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A paediatric immunologist was able to provide her with enough information to make what she feels was the right decision.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: After her daughter had a reaction to the second set of immunisations she took advice from her GP, a hospital consultant and a doctor friend. In addition she got a second opinion from a paediatric immuniologist, which helped her to make a decision.
Topic
Pregnancy & children
>>
Immunisation
>>
Information from friends, family & other parents
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Information from friends, family & other parents
Information from friends, family and other parents
Pregnancy & children
>>
Immunisation
>>
Information from health professionals
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Information from health professionals
Information from health professionals
Pregnancy & children
>>
Immunisation
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Information from the media
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Information from the media
Information from the Media
Pregnancy & children
>>
Immunisation
>>
Youngest child's age 1-2 years
>>
Interview 26
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More information should be available on the side effects of immunisations.
For all immunisations: Followed recommendations of health professionals. Believed media only presented one side of the argument.
Pregnancy & children
>>
Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
>>
Interview 21
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Objective information giving both the advantages and disadvantages of immunisation is needed.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Sought out information that was balanced and not biased towards only pro or anti immunisation arguments. Read books written by anthroposophical medical doctors, which influenced her decision.
Pregnancy & children
>>
Immunisation
>>
Youngest child's age 1-2 years
>>
Interview 20
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Parents should have access to the vaccine product insert sheets listing the side effects and contents of the vaccines.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals for two eldest boys. For MMR: They followed recommendations of health professionals for two eldest boys. Reactions that their second son had to MMR, an extensive review of research papers in medical journals, and using the Internet to read about both pro and anti immunisation arguments helped them to make their decisions for their youngest son.
Pregnancy & children
>>
Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 3-4 years
>>
Interview 28
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Wanted statistical information on the chances of getting a reaction to the vaccine as detailed by the vaccine manufacturer and the chances of getting
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Talked to friends, her father who is a doctor, family friends who were doctors, and alternative practitioners. Gathered some information from the media. Talked to their GP about her daughter's egg allergy.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age under 1
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Interview 06
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Assumptions shouldn't be made that parents will immunise their children and more information should be given to help them to make their decision.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. Talking to other parents whose child had MMR and using the Internet to gather information on both sides of the argument helped her to make a decision about her daughter's MMR immunisation.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
>>
Interview 16
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A comprehensive information pack needs to be sent with the appointment card.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Found it useful to talk to their health visitor, other parents who had already had their child immunised and to their extended family. Read information in parenting magazines, a parenting web site and newspaper articles.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 3-4 years
>>
Interview 28
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More information should be given about the reasons that lie behind the changes that have been made to the immunisation programmes over the years.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Talked to friends, her father who is a doctor, family friends who were doctors, and alternative practitioners. Gathered some information from the media. Talked to their GP about her daughter's egg allergy.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age 1-2 years
>>
Interview 32
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She read the leaflets and found that they provided answers to the things she had been worried about.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed recommendations of health professionals. For MMR: Didn't feel the need to search widely for information but talked to her health visitor and read information in the media before making her decisions.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
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Youngest child's age under 1
>>
Interview 03
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Parents need more information when changes are made to vaccines.
For DTaP/IPV/Hib: Followed the recommendations of health professionals. She used the Internet to gather information on MMR, particularly from a parenting web site and talked to her Mum, which helped her to make a decision.
Pregnancy & children
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Immunisation
>>
Youngest child's age 1-2 years
>>
Interview 35
>>
Parents need to be given comprehensive information from health professionals.
For all immunisations: Her medical training and her experience of growing up in a third world country helped her to make decisions about her daughter's immunisations.
Pregnancy & children
>>
Immunisation
>>
Youngest child's age 1-2 years
>>
Interview 36
>>
A chat with a health professional with written information to take away is a better way to get information.
For all immunisations: Her experience of working in a Child Health department helped her to make her decisions. Her midwife talked to her and gave her information leaflets, which also helped.
Pregnancy & children
>>
Immunisation
>>
Other information sources
>>
Other information sources
Other Information Sources
Pregnancy & children
>>
Immunisation
>>
What type of information do parents want?
>>
What type of information do parents want?
What type of information do parents want?
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